Everything about The Anglo-australian Observatory totally explained
The
Anglo-Australian Observatory (AAO) is an
optical astronomy observatory with its headquarters in suburban
Sydney,
Australia. It is jointly funded by the
United Kingdom and
Australian governments and operates the 3.9
metre Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) and 1.2 metre
UK Schmidt Telescope (UKST) at
Siding Spring Observatory, located near the town of
Coonabarabran,
Australia.
The observatory was constructed by
Leighton Holdings and completed in
1971.
In addition to operating the two telescopes, AAO staff carry out astronomical research, as well as design and build innovative astronomical instrumentation for the AAT, UKST, and other telescopes including the
European Southern Observatory's
Very Large Telescope in
Chile, and the Japanese
Subaru Telescope on
Mauna Kea in
Hawaii.
The AAO has pioneered the use of
optical fibers in astronomy, as a means for conducting light from many sources within the
telescope's field of view into a
spectrograph. The AAT's 2dF spectrograph can record spectra of up to 400 objects simultaneously over a 2° field (4 times the apparent diameter of the
Full Moon) (Note: this instrument has recently been superseded by AAOmega; the major difference between the instruments is the placement of the spectrographs on the dome floor rather than having them mounted on the "top end"), while the UKST's 6dF spectrograph can record spectra of up to 150 objects simultaneously over a 6° field. The
2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) and 2dF Quasar Survey (2QZ) on the AAT have yielded
redshifts for 245,000
galaxies and 23,000
quasars respectively, probing the
large scale structure of the
Universe and placing new limits on
Big Bang cosmology.
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